Hot Tub Pump Guide

Hot Tub Pump Guide

If you hear a screeching sound when turning on your hot tub, or the jets come on but no water comes out, or nothing happens when you switch the spa on, you could have a pump issue.

Your hot tub pump should have a label on its side telling you its horsepower (HP) and speeds. You can tell the discharge type and size simply by looking at the pump. Here are some of the specs to be aware of on your pump.

Variable/Single Speed

All hot tubs need high and low speeds to power the jets, and they are measured in RPMs (revolutions per minute). Pumps with the ability to go between speeds are known as variable-speed or two-speed pumps. The most powerful variable-speed hot tub pumps move up to 260 GPM.

Wet and Dry Ends

If water got into the motor of your pump, it would destroy it. That’s why all pumps have a wet end and a dry end. The wet end features the impeller to push water through the system, while the dry end keeps the motor in a protective housing case so no moisture gets in. Sometimes, the impeller gets stuck because of a buildup of residue, which leads to flow issues. Or, you could get a short in the wiring of the motor, leading to a tripped breaker.

You could repair either component, but usually it’s more cost effective to replace the whole pump.

Voltage

Your motor is usually 110–120 volts or 220–240 volts. If the pump has two wires (green and white), it’s 110–120 volts. If it has four (green, white, black, and red), it’s 220–240 volts.

Horsepower

The horsepower (HP) is an indicator of the amount of power your spa provides. They typically range from ¾ HP up to 5 HP. Just be careful to pair the HP with the appropriate plumbing to avoid problems.

Discharge

The place where the water exits is called the discharge orientation. You will find it on the top of the pump or on the side.

Frame Size

Most pump frames are either 48 or 56. Look for the number on the pump’s sticker.

Priming Your Pump

Adding water to an empty tub means air may get stuck in the circulation system. You have to prime your pump, or push out that air, to ensure proper circulation. This is easy if you have control panel priming, but if yours calls for manual priming, you’ll have to use the bleeder valve to rid the lines of air.

Troubleshooting Tips

There are some things you may be able to fix on your own. Other larger issues will require a professional.

The Pump Won’t Prime

When you hear bubbling or gurgling noises, this means trapped air is trying to get out of the jets.

Clean the leaf trap and filter and then if that doesn’t work, prime the pump. If you still have problems, “burp” the remainder of the air out by switching the jets off and on.

No Water Pressure

This could be due to trapped air, no pressure, or a pump that will not prime properly. Try cleaning the filter and leaf traps. Drain and clean your hot tub. Use a line flush product to get rid of any debris. Check to ensure the jets are open fully before cleaning.

Motor Switches On and Off

Random power loss could be due to a faulty wire or motor. Using a multimeter, see if the wiring is delivering consistent power to the motor. If it’s not, clear away any corrosion or replace the wires. Also, check for leaks.

Motor Turns On, But Nothing Happens

This could be due to a stubborn impeller or clog in the system. You may hear a grinding noise that could signal improper impeller rotation. Clean the filter and leaf traps. Cut power to the pump to inspect your impeller. Clean it and try again.

Pump Won’t Operate

When no power is entering the spa, reset your breaker at the breaker box.

Leaks

Pump problems are often due to leaks. Leaks can trip the breaker, burn out your motor, and rust your electrical components. Using a flashlight, check inside the spa cabinet. Look for puddling or dripping. You may also see a crack in the impeller housing.

Replacement

If you’ve done all you can to fix the issue and it still occurs, call a trusted pool technician to troubleshoot and repair or replace the offending component.

Installing Your New Pump

You can install your own pump, but if you run into any trouble, always consult a professional.

1. Flip the breaker off for safety.
2. Close the valves or drain your tub.
3. Keep some towels handy because some water will leak out.
4. Take off the copper grounding wire.
5. Loosen up the intake and discharge fittings.
6. Take off the frame bolts.
7. Detach the wires.
8. Wire the new pump.
9. Tighten the fittings.
10. Bolt the frame into place
11. Refill the tub and test the pump.

Now that you have a new pump, it’s important to take good care of it. Regular maintenance goes a long way toward ensuring a long lifespan for the unit.

If you need a new hot tub pump or a repair of your existing one, call the technicians at Central Jersey Pools.